~ TERATO~  prefix
           id+ | WONDER |
           id+ | EXPRESSION OF DIVINE POWER |
     note IMBUED WITH RELIGIONS IMPLICATIONS
          gr TERAS    or
             TERATOS  for "DEFORMITY" thus
~ TERATOGEN  id+ | AN AGENT CAPABLE OF ALTERING
                   NORMAL PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT |
~ TERATOMA  med> TERATO and OMA = TUMOR  to denote
                 A NEOPLASM WHICH FROM A MIXTURE OF
     TISSUES AND STRUCTURES NOT NATIVE TO THE SITE
     AND DERIVED FROM ALL THREE EMBRYONIC LAYERS
               ENDODERM or ENTODERM  ECTODERM and MESODERM
~ TERATOGEN    id+  | A SAME SINGLE AGENT CAN BE
                      TERATOGENIC
                      MUTAGENIC and
                      CARCINOGENIC
~ TERATOGENIC  id+ | WANDER  PORTENT |
               gr GENNAN = ENGENDER PRODUCING
~ TERATOLOGY   med> SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINE FOCUSED ON THE
                    STUDY OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND GENETIC
               CAUSES OF PRENATAL DEVELOPMENTAL ALTERATIONS
                  see> BIRTH DEFECT
~ TERATOTHANASIA  gr   THANATOS = DEATH MORTAL
                  hx>  IDEA COINED by see> Josef WARKANY [#]
                  id+  | NATURAL or SPONTANEOUS PROCESS
                         ENDING IN ABORTION |
  note TERATOGENS
       NAME FOR AGENTS THAT CAN INDUCE
  MALFORMATIONS and in BROADER TERMS
  ANY ANOMALIES IN THE DEVELOPING EMBRYO or FETUS
  from DEATH      see> TERATOTHANASIA
  to "MILD" FUNCTIONAL DISORDERS like
  LEARNING DISABILITIES
  see> BIRTH DEFECT
  examples of common teratogens include
  see> ALCOHOL  more below
  see> THALIDOMIDE
  see> RADIATION           see> X- RAYS
  see> METHYLMERCURY       see> MERCURY
  hx> THE ABOVE WAS A COMPONENT OF TEETHING POWDERS
      A PIONEER OF SCIENTIFIC TERATOLOGY  see> WARKANY
  SHOWED THAT MERCURY WAS THE CAUSE OF
  see> ACRODYNIA
  see> MINAMATA
  see> POLLUTION
  see> ECOLOGY
  med> NEARLY 20% OF HUMAN PREGNANCIES END IN RECOGNIZED
       MISCARRIAGES  MANY MORE END IN UNRECOGNIZED ABORTIONS
  hx>  THE IDEA THAT THE FETUS COULD BE MALFORMED BY
       ENVIRONMENTAL AGENTS WAS REJECTED FOR CENTURIES
  IN 1961 WHEN "CONTERGAN"            see> THALIDOMIDE
  WAS VIGOROUSLY MARKETED IN GERMANY ENGLAND AND JAPAN
  AN EPIDEMIC OF MALFORMED INFANTS FOLLOWED
  STUDIES SHOWED THAT THALIDOMIDE COULD BE LETHAL OR
  CAUSE SEVERE MALFORMATIONS IN THE UNBORN
  IN THE USA CIRCUMSTANCES DELAYED THE FDA APPROVAL FOR
  THALIDOMIDE AND NO EPIDEMIC WAS NOTED
  THESE EVENTS DESTROYED THE DOGMA THAT THE UTERUS WAS
  A "SACRO SANCTORUM" IN WHICH THE FETUS WAS SAFE FROM
  ENVIRONMENTAL HARM  THIS DOGMA PROVIDED THE RATIONAL
  FOR OTHER "LOGICAL" IDEAS HOLDING THAT BIRTH DEFECTS
  WERE "GENETIC" AND REFLECTED PARENTAL "FLAWS" WHICH
  PROVIDED THE SUPPORT AND POLITICAL WILL FOR
  SOCIAL AND POLITICAL INTERVENTION
  ENTHUSIASTIC SCIENTISTS AND SOME GENETICISTS ADAPTED
  "RACIAL" PRECONCEPTIONS INTO LEGISLATION AND POLICIES
  ENFORCED BY THE GOVERNMENTS OF CIVILIZED NATIONS
  INCLUDING  GERMANY USSR ENGLAND USA     see> EUGENICS
  note IN THE USA STERILIZATION OF THE "RETARDED" WAS
       IMPLEMENTED UNTIL RECENT TIMES
  EXAGGERATED SOCIAL APPLICATIONS OF INCOMPLETE AND ERRONEOUS
  INTERPRETATIONS OF CAUSES OF BIRTH DEFECTS DIMINISHED THE
  SOCIAL STANDING OF THE SCIENCE OF GENETICS
  note WHEN PARENTS OF DEFORMED OR MALFORMED CHILDREN
       ARE NOT GIVEN ACCESS TO SCIENTIFIC OR
  RATIONAL REASONS THE VACUUM IS FILLED BY ALTERNATIVE
  EXPLANATIONS AND FEELINGS OF GUILT  PANIC etc
  note GENETIC COUNSELING CONCERNING MALFORMED CHILDREN IS OF
       LIMITED VALUE UNLESS PARENTAL IDEAS AND IDEATIONS
  CAN BE GRASPED UNDERSTOOD AND AMELIORATED
  note WHILE EMBRYONAL or FETAL EXPOSURE TO THALIDOMIDE
       VIRTUALY INDUCES ANOMALIES IN 100% OF INSTANCES
  EXPOSURE TO ALCOHOL INDUCES PROBLEMS SELECTIVELY AND
  OF DIVERSE SEVERITY
  note FAS or FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME and
       FAE for FETAL ALCOHOL EFFECTS
  note THE MAJOR SIGNS OF FAS and FAE include
  GROWTH FAILURE BEFORE AND AFTER BIRTH
  DEVELOPMENTAL FAILURES PARTICULARLY OF THE
  CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM different in the
  first trimester notable are
  MALFORMATION as in CORPUS CALLOSUM DEFECTS
  second trimester NERVE DEFETS
  third trimester  ALTER NEUROLAL CONNECTIONS and
                   KILL NEURONES  as in
  FRONTAL LOBE     sug> MICROCEPHALY
  note MENTAL SUBNORMALITY and
       MICROCEPHALY or
  SMALL CEPHALON or HEAD are major malformations
  as are STRUCTURAL DEFECTS OF THE HEART
  see> LYSENKO  see> LENZ  see> MULLER  see> WARKANY
  see> GE  see> GEA  see> GENIUS  see> GENETIC  see> EUGENICS
  see> MONSTER
  cont> in addenda under development see> WARKANY

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