Miss Missa Missal Missile Mission

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~ MISS     from MISSED MIST MISSING or MUTABLE or           nntx
^u         FAILURE TO ATTAIN  REACH  MEET                   nndm
           also UNMARRIED WOMAN or GIRL    see> DISMISS
~ MISSA    in sp MISA = MASS         <see for etymology
           related to MISSLE  MISSION
~ MISSAL   PERTAINING TO THE ROMAN CATHOLIC MASS
           also BOOK OF PRAYERS
~ MISSILE  DART    derivations imply THROWN  DISMISSED  PARDONED
           lat MISSILIA = GIFTS WHICH THE EMPERORS WOULD FLING
                          AMONG THE CROWDS or MASSES
~ MISSION  EMBASSY  COMMISSION  DELEGATION also   see> COMMISSAR
           JOB  TASK  CHORE  DUTY  PURPOSE  GOAL  AIM
  also  MOTIVE  OBJECTIVE  REASON  ASSIGNMENT
  lat MISSILE = DART or THING TO BE CAST or THROWN
      MISSIO    SENDING AWAY  A DISPATCH  DISCHARGE OF SOLDIERS
                SETTING A PRISONER FREE
      MISSITO   TO SEND OFTEN
      MISSUS    PARDONED  FORGIVEN                 sug> MISSING
  sp  MISSA     MASS
  ply> | A MASS FOR THE MASSES HAS A MISSION TO DISMISS GUILT |
  ply> | MISSIONNARIES DART LIKE MISSILES TO FULFILL THEIR DUTY |
  ply> | MISSIONS often denote ORGANIZED EFFORTS FOR THE
         PROPAGATION OF RELIGION |
  note MANY MONASTIC RELIGIONS ENGAGE IN MISSIONS       sug> MONK
       incl HINDUISM  BUDDHISM  ISLAM  JUDAISM   sug>     ZIONISM
  SAINT PAUL WAS ONE OF THE GREAT PROTOTYPES     sug>       FRIAR
  OF A MISSIONARY WHO EVANGELIZED ACROSS         sug> PROSELYTIZE
  ASIA MINOR                                     sug>     CONVERT
  lat MISSO = SENDING as in GO AWAY              see>      COMMON
  sp  SENDA   A PATH or WAY                      sug>        VEGA
      SONDAR  PROBE  FATHOM                      sug>       SOUND
  ply> | MISSION and PRAYING imply a WAY or PATH |
  MISSION often implies FOREIGN PLACE OF RESIDENCE
                        SPECIAL TASK
                        RELIGIOUS DUTY as in MISSIONARY WORK
  note SPANISH MISSIONS IN SOUTHWESTERN USA DENOTE
  ALL THE ABOVE AND WERE A MEANS TO COLONIZE INDIAN LANDS
  art> A STYLE OF SIMPLE SQUARE HEAVY FURNITURE
  note HERE WE RECOGNIZED THAT THERE WERE MISSIONARIES OF
       MANY DENOMINATIONS INCLUDING NESTORIANS  BYZANTINE etc
  THE PROTOTYPE USED HERE AS AN ORGANIZATION DEDICATED TO MISSIONS
  IS THE SOCIETY OF JESUS or THE JESUIT COMPANY        see> JESUIT
  hx>  THE JESUIT ORDER WAS APPROVED IN 1540 BY THE POPE
       IMMEDIATELY JESUITS STARTED THEIR FOREIGN MISSIONS
  Francis XAVIER [#] LEFT LISBON IN 1541 FOR SOUTH INDIA WHERE HE
  ESTABLISHED HIS BASE or MISSION TO ASIAN PAGANS IN GOA
  BY 1600 THE JESUIT SOCIETY HAD 32 PROVINCES AND OVER 200 COLLEGES
  IN EUROPE THEIR WORK WAS TO STOP THE PROTESTANT REFORM
  Peter CANISIUS [#] WAS THE MAIN COUNTER REFORM LEADER
  1546 XAVIER REACHED THE MOLUCCAS AND
  1549 XAVIER ENTERED JAPAN  HE DIED IN 1552 NEAR MACAO
       note how in 1603 there were 300000 CHRISTIANS IN JAPAN
  1549 Manuel DA NOBREGA ENTERED BRAZIL
  1566 Peter MARTINEZ [#] BECAME THE FIRST JESUIT MARTYR IN
       NORTH AMERICA WHEN HE WAS KILLED IN NORTHERN FLORIDA
  1557 JESUITS REACHED ETHIOPIA
  1609 THE FIRST " REDUCTIONS " AROSE IN PARAGUAY    see> below
  1634 JESUITS ARRIVED WITH THE MARYLAND COLONIAL EXPEDITION
  1680 JESUITS WERE INTRODUCED BY GOVERNOR T DONGAN OF NEW YORK
  JESUIT POWER WAS STRONGLY RESENTED AND FOR SHORT PERIODS THEY
  WERE BANNED IN FRANCE 1584-1608  VENICE 1608-1656  and
  EXPELLED FROM JAPAN IN 1597 AND AGAIN IN 1614
  IN POLAND PROTESTANTS WERE THRIVING AND UKRAINE WAS ORTHODOX
  POLISH REPRESSION CAUSED UPRISINGS BY THE COSSACKS      <see
  also note BORIS GODUNOV or GODUNOFF where JESUITS ARE PRESENTED
  AS POLISH ROMAN CATHOLIC VILLAINS TRYING TO DESTROY RUSSIA
  see>  UKRAINE  MAZEPPA
  1657  THE JESUIT Andrew BOBOLA [#] BECAME A MARTYR IN UKRAINE
  IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 18th CENTURY THE OPPOSITION TO JESUIT POWER
  COALESCED REFLECTING FRENCH " HUMANISTS " LIKE VOLTAIRE along
  with memories of the MASSACRE OF JANSENISTS <see WHICH CAUSED
  A GENERAL ANTICLERICAL CLIMATE SIGNALING AN IMPENDING
  FRENCH REVOLUTION   AT THE SAME TIME THE JESUIT ORDER WAS
  FLOURISHING AND THEIR RANKS INCLUDED MEN OF GREAT INTELLECTUAL
  ACHIEVEMENT  eg THE STUDY OF SANSKRIT or SANSCRIT WAS PIONEERED
  BY Robert DE OBILI [#]  Ernst HANXLEDEN [#] and Gaston COEURDOUX
  WHO SHOWED THAT SANSCRIT LATIN AND GREEK HAVE COMMON ROOTS
  THE STRONGEST OFFICIAL OPPOSITION TO JESUITS AROSE IN
  SPAIN and PORTUGAL perhaps because JESUIT MISSIONS WERE VERY
  RICH  particularly in what now is the Argentine province of
  MISIONES   THE TRAGEDY OF THE EXPULSION AND ABANDONMENT OF
  THE JESUIT MISSIONS or " REDUCTIONS " WITH THE CONSEQUENT
  DEGRADATION OF THE STATUS OF AMERICAN INDIANS MOSTLY OF
  GUARANI STOCK WAS APPRECIATED BY MANY INTELLECTUALS
  one of the few books on the subject was written by the Jesuit
  George  O NEILL [#] who in " GOLDEN YEARS ON THE PARAGUAY
  A HISTORY OF THE JESUIT MISSIONS FROM 1600 TO 1767 "
  BURNS OATES & WASHBOURNE  LONDON 1934 gives a sympathetic and
  perhaps limited rendition of this disaster
  THE POLITICAL AVALANCHE TO EXPEL THE JESUITS FROM AMERICA WAS
  STARTED IN 1758 by the Prime Minister to King JOSEPH I of PORTUGAL
  Jose de Carvalho MARCHI de POMBAL
  1759  PORTUGAL ARRESTED AND DEPORTED ALL JESUITS FROM BRAZIL
  1767  CHARLES III OF SPAIN  EXPELLED ALL JESUITS FROM AMERICA
  1769  THE EXPULSION WAS EXTENDED TO NAPLES SICILY AND PARMA
  note THE GREAT JESUIT MISSIONS IN AMERICA PERISHED and now
       INDIANS COULD NO LONGER ESCAPE SLAVERY NOR RAW EXPLOITATION
  note NEXT SPAIN PORTUGAL AND FRANCE DEMANDED
       A WORLD WIDE BAN BUT THE POPE RESISTED until
  1773 POPE CLEMENT XIV YIELDED AND ABOLISHED THE JESUIT ORDER
  however CATHERINE II OF RUSSIA OPPOSED THE SUPPRESSION
  SHE NEEDED JESUITS TO HELP HER GOVERNMENT TO CONTROL THE NEWLY
  ACQUIRED POLISH TERRITORIES
  1783  POPE PIUS VI GRANTED A SECRET PERMISSION FOR JESUITS
        TO EXIST IN THE EXPANDING RUSSIAN EMPIRE
  1801  NAPOLEON EXPOSED THE ABOVE AGREEMENT TO THE PUBLIC
  1814  PIUS VII RE ESTABLISHED THE SOCIETY OF JESUS
  THE SOCIETY WAS REBUILT MOSTLY BY A JESUIT IN RUSSIA WHO WAS OF
  DUTCH ORIGIN   Johannes Philipp ROOTHAAN [#] 1829-1853
  note JESUITS BECAME A POPULAR POLITICAL TARGET AND WERE SEEN
       AS EXPONENTS OF THE COVERT POWER OF THE POPE WHO
  INTERFERED IN POLITICAL CIVIL MATTERS OF MANY COUNTRIES
  see> PIUS IX  MEXICO  MAXIMILIAN
  CYCLES OF JESUIT EXPULSIONS AND READMISSIONS FOLLOWED
  1820 RUSSIA   1829 FRANCE   1834 PORTUGAL and SPAIN
  1847 SWITZERLAND   1850 COLOMBIA  1852 ECUADOR  and
  1910 PORTUGAL  1932 SPAIN and so on
  IN MODERN TIMES JESUIT MISSIONS CONTINUED TO BE STRONG
  THEIR MAIN MISSION IS EDUCATION
  JESUIT UNIVERSITIES IN THE USA INCLUDE
  GEORGETOWN  FORDHAM  ST LOUIS  MARQUETTE  LOYOLA  etc
  JESUIT COLLEGES ARE NUMEROUS AND OF EQUAL DISTINCTION
  AMONG THE OLDEST JESUIT COLLEGE IN USA
  FOUNDED IN 1830 NOW KNOWN AS
  SPRING HILL COLLEGE OF MOBILE ALABAMA
  THE OLDEST IS GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY FOUNDED IN 1789