"Heraclito" (Heraclitus) by Peter Paul Rubens
(1577-1640), c. 1635-1637 - Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain.
To portray pessimism some painters depicted Heraclitus of Ephesus (540-470
BC) who felt pity for humanity because he knew that implicitly in life "all is
in flux". (see Heraclitus by Brugghen)
As a counterpoint, some painters portrayed the "laughing" philosopher
Democritus of Abdera (460-370 BC). (see Democritus by
Rubens and Brugghen).